A distal radius fracture almost always occurs about 1 inch from the end of the bone. The break can occur in many different ways, however.

One of the most common distal radius fractures is a Colles fracture, in which the broken fragment of the radius tilts upward. This fracture was first described in 1814 by an Irish surgeon and anatomist, Abraham Colles -- hence the name "Colles" fracture.

Other ways the distal radius can break include:

    Intra-articular fracture.: A fracture that extends into the wrist joint. ("Articular" means "joint.")

    Extra-articular fracture: A fracture that does not extend into the joint is called an extra-articular fracture.

    Open fracture: When a fractured bone breaks the skin, it is called an open fracture. These types of fractures require immediate medical attention because of the risk for infection.

    Comminuted fracture. When a bone is broken into more than two pieces, it is called a comminuted fracture.

It is important to classify the type of fracture, because some fractures are more difficult to treat than others. Intra-articular fractures, open fractures, comminuted fractures, and displaced fractures (when the broken pieces of bone do not line up straight).are more difficult to treat, for example.

Sometimes, the other bone of the forearm (the ulna) is also broken. This is called a distal ulna fracture.

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Journal of Orthopedic Oncology