Trends in knee joint replacement

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Osteoarthritis is a major cause of pain and disability, particularly in older people. Total hip replacement and total knee replacement are recognized as cost-effective treatments for osteoarthritis of the hip and knee, reducing pain, increasing mobility, and improving the quality of life. Fractured neck of femur, for which over 90% of patients admitted to hospital are aged 60 or over, may also result in joint replacement surgery.

Joint replacement rates are known to be higher among women and to peak in older age groups (65-84 years). Social disparity has been reported for both primary and revision operations, with lower rates among those of lower social class or socioeconomic status, despite equal or greater indications of need.

Increases in rates of hip and knee replacement over the 1990s have been reported in Scandinavia, Australia, and the USA. However, there are no national data currently published for England.

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Journal of Orthopedic Oncology